“One takes refuge by knowing the good qualities of one’s refuge.” The good qualities of the Buddha: the Buddha has four types of good qualities: 1- the good qualities of his body, 2- his speech, 3- his mind, and 4- of his good works. Regarding the good qualities of the Buddhas body has two viewpoints, the outer and the inner descriptions and the outer and inner meanings of the descriptions. Regarding the descriptions of the outer marks and signs of the Buddha we check the scriptures for the various marks that are on the soles of the foot, the palms of the hands, the earlobes and so forth. (1) However, it really helps to have been born as a Brahmin in India 2,500 years ago. There are many of you whose short or even missing earlobes will never pull down and yet you can walk into any common Indian market and see many people with long earlobes, one of the external marks and signs of a Buddha. So perhaps the sooner we divest ourselves of what actually are the external marks and signs of a...